Bitcoin Mining Hash Rate Distribution Tool
Current Bitcoin Mining Distribution (2025)
Since Kazakhstan's 2021 power crisis, Bitcoin mining has redistributed globally. The U.S. has become the leading mining hub, with the network's hash rate growing by 48% since 2024. See how hash rate has shifted between countries.
United States
Energy Policy: Stable, deregulated markets with access to renewable energy (Texas, Georgia, Washington)
Key Factors: Reliability, regulatory clarity, renewable energy access
Kazakhstan
Energy Policy: 70/30 energy allocation (70% grid, 30% mining)
Key Factors: Power instability, government regulations, high fees
China
Energy Policy: Rebuilding mining operations under new ownership
Key Factors: Government support for new provinces, gradual return to mining
Canada
Energy Policy: Hydropower with cold climate benefits
Key Factors: Carbon-neutral operations, reliable power
Where is the Hash Rate Going?
See how hash rate has shifted since Kazakhstan's 2021 power crisis. The U.S. has gained 15.4% of hash rate while Kazakhstan has lost 5.2%.
Kazakhstan's Hash Rate Loss
From 20% (2021) to 14.8% (2025) - a loss of 5.2 percentage points
This represents approximately 6.67 EH/s to 5.56 EH/s reduction in hash rate from major operators like Canaan.
U.S. Hash Rate Gain
From 20% (2021) to 35.4% (2025) - an increase of 15.4 percentage points
This growth is driven by stable power markets, renewable energy access, and favorable regulations.
Network Impact Assessment
Impact: Despite regional migration, Bitcoin's total hash rate continues to grow due to new, more efficient mining hardware. The network is becoming more secure and resilient.
When Kazakhstan’s power grid started blacking out in 2021, it wasn’t because of a storm or a transformer failure. It was because Bitcoin miners were using too much electricity.
At its peak, mining operations in Kazakhstan were sucking up 7% of the entire country’s power. That’s more than all the homes in the capital, Nur-Sultan, used combined. When protests erupted over rolling blackouts, the government didn’t hesitate - they cut the miners off. Thousands of machines went dark overnight. That was the moment everything changed.
Now, in 2025, that disruption is still echoing across the global Bitcoin network. Miners aren’t just recovering - they’re relocating. And the shift is reshaping where Bitcoin’s computational power lives.
Why Kazakhstan Was a Mining Hotspot
Kazakhstan didn’t set out to become a Bitcoin powerhouse. It just happened. After the Soviet Union collapsed, the country inherited massive coal plants and underused power infrastructure. In 2018, miners from Russia and China started showing up. The electricity was cheap. The regulations were loose. The climate was cold - perfect for cooling rigs.
By 2021, Kazakhstan had climbed to second place in global Bitcoin hash rate, just behind the U.S. The town of Ekibastuz became ground zero. Mines sprawled across former industrial zones. Miners bought up entire power substations. The government watched, mostly silent, as the sector grew.
But growth like that doesn’t last without consequences. The grid couldn’t handle the load. Winter demand spiked. Power shortages hit households. The government’s response? First, temporary shutdowns. Then, new rules. Then, a full-scale reassessment.
The 2025 Exodus: Canaan’s Exit and What It Meant
In July 2025, Canaan - one of the biggest Bitcoin miner manufacturers in the world - officially pulled its machines out of Kazakhstan. Their hashrate dropped from 6.67 EH/s in May to 5.56 EH/s by July. That’s a 17% loss in just two months.
They didn’t just shut down. They moved. Half the machines were relocated to other sites by August. The rest followed in the next 60 days. Canaan didn’t say it was because of politics or protests. They called it a "strategic fleet reshuffle." But the numbers don’t lie. The same machines that mined 89 BTC in July 2025 were the same ones that mined 112 BTC in early 2024 - before the Kazakhstan exit.
Canaan wasn’t alone. Smaller operators, especially those with U.S. or European backing, started packing up too. Why? Because reliability matters more than cheap power when you’re running a business.
Where Are the Miners Going?
The U.S. is winning the mining race. As of September 2025, it controls 35.4% of the global Bitcoin hash rate. Texas, Georgia, and Washington state are the new mining capitals. Why? Because they have:
- Stable, deregulated power markets
- Access to excess renewable energy (wind, solar, hydro)
- Clear legal frameworks for crypto operations
- Utilities that actively court miners as load-balancing partners
Canada is close behind at 9.6%. Its cold winters and hydropower make it a natural fit. Germany, with its industrial zones and strict environmental rules, is attracting miners who need to prove carbon neutrality. Even Iran, despite sanctions, is holding onto 2.3% of the network - thanks to subsidized electricity.
China? Still at 12%. Not as dominant as in 2020, but quietly rebuilding. Many of the machines that fled after Beijing’s 2021 ban are now running again - just under new ownership and in new provinces.
Why the Global Hash Rate Keeps Rising
Even as miners leave Kazakhstan, the total Bitcoin hash rate keeps climbing. On September 7, 2025, it hit 1.041 billion terahashes per second - up 48% from a year earlier.
That’s not a fluke. It’s a signal. When miners invest in new hardware, they’re betting on Bitcoin’s future. More hash rate means a more secure network. It’s harder to attack. It’s harder to manipulate. That’s why institutional investors watch it like a stock market indicator - because it often predicts price moves months in advance.
The migration from Kazakhstan isn’t shrinking the network. It’s redistributing it. Machines are being upgraded. Older rigs are being retired. Newer, more efficient ASICs are replacing them - mostly in places where power is reliable and legal.
Kazakhstan’s Fight to Stay Relevant
Kazakhstan isn’t giving up. In early 2025, the government announced a new 70/30 energy policy: 70% of new thermal power capacity goes to the national grid. Only 30% is left for mining.
They’re also cracking down on illegal activity. In Q1 2025, banks blocked over 15,800 unauthorized crypto transactions worth $3.07 million. That’s not just about money laundering - it’s about control.
Miners who stay now face tighter rules, higher fees, and less predictable power. Some have adapted. Others have left. The country still holds 14.8% of the global hash rate - but that’s down from 20% in 2021. The gap between the U.S. and Kazakhstan is widening.
Still, the government talks about becoming "Central Asia’s crypto hub." They’re offering tax incentives. They’re building data centers. They’re trying to make mining legal, clean, and profitable - without breaking the grid.
What This Means for Bitcoin’s Future
This isn’t a collapse. It’s a realignment.
Bitcoin’s network is designed to be decentralized. When one region gets too risky, miners naturally move. That’s not a bug - it’s a feature. The network doesn’t need Kazakhstan. It needs reliable power, anywhere it can find it.
The U.S. isn’t the "winner" because it’s better morally. It’s winning because it offers predictability. Miners aren’t fleeing Kazakhstan because they hate it. They’re leaving because they can’t plan for the future there.
And that’s the lesson: Bitcoin mining isn’t about where the cheapest power is. It’s about where you can run your machines for the next five years without worrying about a blackout, a ban, or a bill you can’t pay.
The global hash rate keeps climbing. The network gets stronger. And the places that can offer stability - not just cheap electricity - are the ones that will host the next generation of Bitcoin mining.
Is Kazakhstan Still a Viable Option?
For small, low-budget miners? Maybe. If you’re running a few dozen rigs on a side business and can handle intermittent outages, you might still find a niche.
But for anyone serious about scale, compliance, or long-term operations? No. The risks outweigh the savings.
The data is clear: the future of Bitcoin mining isn’t in countries with unstable grids. It’s in places where the lights stay on - no matter what.
Why did Kazakhstan lose its position as a top Bitcoin mining hub?
Kazakhstan lost its top position because its power grid couldn’t handle the massive electricity demand from Bitcoin mining. In 2021, mining operations consumed 7% of the country’s total power, triggering nationwide blackouts. The government responded by cutting off miners, imposing new energy rules, and blocking unauthorized crypto transactions. Combined with regulatory uncertainty and unreliable power, this made the country too risky for large-scale operators.
Is Bitcoin mining still allowed in Kazakhstan?
Yes, Bitcoin mining is still legal in Kazakhstan, but it’s heavily regulated. The government now enforces a 70/30 energy allocation rule, where 70% of new power plant capacity goes to the national grid and only 30% is reserved for crypto mining. Banks also monitor and block unauthorized crypto transactions. Miners must now operate under strict licensing and energy usage limits.
How much of Bitcoin’s hash rate is still in Kazakhstan?
As of 2024, Kazakhstan held 14.8% of the global Bitcoin hash rate. While this is down from its peak of over 20% in 2021, it remains the second-largest mining jurisdiction after the United States. However, the trend since early 2025 shows continued decline as major miners like Canaan have exited the country.
Where is most Bitcoin mining happening now?
The United States leads with 35.4% of global hash rate as of September 2025, followed by Kazakhstan (14.8%), China (12%), Canada (9.6%), and Russia (4.7%). The U.S. dominates because of reliable power, favorable regulations, and access to renewable energy sources like wind and hydro in Texas, Georgia, and Washington.
Why is Bitcoin’s total hash rate still rising even as miners leave Kazakhstan?
Bitcoin’s total hash rate keeps rising because miners are replacing old, inefficient machines with newer, more powerful ASICs - mostly in stable jurisdictions like the U.S. and Canada. The migration from Kazakhstan isn’t reducing overall mining power; it’s redistributing it. New hardware, better efficiency, and growing institutional investment are driving the network’s growth despite regional exits.
Ali Korkor
October 27, 2025 AT 05:46Man, I saw this coming a mile away. Kazakhstan was a wild west for miners, but you can't run a business on blackouts and luck. Texas just handed them the keys to the kingdom with cheap wind power and zero drama. Miners aren't leaving because they hate it-they're leaving because they finally got a better option.
madhu belavadi
October 28, 2025 AT 00:16So what? They just moved the problem somewhere else. Now the US is sucking up all the power and calling it 'renewable.' Greenwashing. The grid still gets stressed, just in different states. They don't care who pays the price.
Dick Lane
October 28, 2025 AT 19:14It's wild how fast things change. One minute you're the second biggest miner in the world, next minute you're getting cut off because the lights go out in Nur-Sultan. I feel bad for the locals who just wanted to keep their homes warm. But also... kinda glad the network got stronger. More hash rate means more security. It's not perfect but it's better than before.
Norman Woo
October 29, 2025 AT 04:57they moved to texas but did you know the power companies there are owned by the same people who run the fed? they're using bitcoin to drain the grid on purpose so they can charge more later. the whole thing is a setup. the 'renewables' are just a front. they want you to think it's clean but its all controlled. the chinese are still mining underground and they're way ahead. dont believe the narrative.
Serena Dean
October 29, 2025 AT 05:39Love how this story shows Bitcoin’s real strength-it doesn’t need one country to survive. When one place gets too messy, the network just finds a better home. The US isn’t winning because it’s perfect-it’s winning because it’s reliable. Miners aren’t just chasing cheap power anymore, they’re chasing peace of mind. And honestly? That’s what any smart business needs.
James Young
October 30, 2025 AT 01:02You guys are missing the point. Kazakhstan didn't lose because of blackouts-they lost because they were too lazy to regulate properly. The US didn't 'win'-they just didn't let amateurs run wild. Anyone still mining in Kazakhstan with more than 5 rigs is either dumb or desperate. And don't even get me started on Canada-they're just a tax shelter with snow. Real miners go where the power is stable, the laws are clear, and the utilities actually want them. That's Texas, Georgia, and Washington. Everything else is noise.